Line Frequency Square Wave Generator Circuit Project

This is a Line Frequency Square Wave Generator Circuit Project. A square wave is a non-sinusoidal periodic waveform (which can be represented as an infinite summation of sinusoidal waves), in which the amplitude alternates at a steady frequency between fixed minimum and maximum values, with the same duration at minimum and maximum. 

 Line Frequency Square Wave Generator Circuit

The transition between minimum to maximum is instantaneous for an ideal square wave; this is not realisable in physical systems. Line Frequency Square Wave Generator Circuit Project with only three components and a buffer, a line frequency square wave having a 1:1 duty cycle may be derived from the power supply. 

During the alternate half-cycle, however, A is effectively clamped to - 0.7 V by Dl in the bridge which offsets the forward voltage across D2 giving an input to IC1 of approximately 0 V. When A rises above + 5 V, D2 is reverse biased and remains at +5 V. Rl is needed to load the transformer secondary maintaining a distortion-free waveform at A during the time the diode bridge is not conducting. Cl although not essential may be required to remove transients.